教学简单句的五种基本句型
在第15单元中学生已学过简单句的五种基本句型。学生如能识别简单句的五种基本句型，以后学习复合句、并列句等结构复杂的句子就不会感到太困难。本单元第80课的第一部分列出专项作为复习内容。教师在复习中不必过分强调句子成份和结构分析，而应把注意力放在理解句子的意义上。
教师可从本单元现成的对话和课文中挑出一些句子，让学生“对号入座”，增加学生英语句子的结构意识，以便更进一步理解英语句子结构与意义之间的关系。如：
1. My parents are coming. ( S+V)
2. Can you teach yourself? (S+V+O)
3. At first she was asleep. (S+V+P)
4. I told him the whole story. (S+ V + InO + DO)
5. He made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat. (S+V+O+C)
阅读训练
本单元安排了两篇阅读课文。第78课的阅读课文是一篇日记。单词和短语都比较多，给学生阅读带来一定的困难。老师是否考虑先教单词，在教单词的过程中带出一些词组。如讲herself时带出leave her by herself这个短语；讲turn时带出turn on（off）the radio这个短语；讲whole时带出the whole story这个短语等。然后让学生听录音，在学生听录音时教师把一些估计学生理解有一定困难的短语写在黑板上，作一些必要的解释。在学生完成第一遍阅读以后，教师可问一些简单的一般疑问句，让学生用“Yes”or“No”来回答。完了以后再让学生快速读一遍。接着要学生回答练习册第78课练习1中的问题。最后让学生跟着录音磁带进行有表情地朗读。教师可简单交待一下用英文写日记的格式。（日期、时态、开头第一行要顶格写。）
第80课安排了一个寓言故事，情节生动有趣，引人入胜，适合动中学生好奇心强的特点。学生一定非常感兴趣。在阅读前教师可向学生提出两个问题。1. Why did the monkey laugh in the end? 2.What will you learn after you read the fable? 阅读后再让学生听录音，模仿它的语调的节奏感和自然感。最后可让学生进行表演。表演时要求他们表现出老虎的凶狠和愚蠢及猴子的勇敢和机智。
写作训练
第78课是关于学生的一篇日记，也是本单元的主课文。老师首先使学生熟知用英文写日记的格式，同时指导他们如何选好写日记的内容。然后布置学生回家写一篇简单的日记。在下一节课上老师可有意识的请几个学生在全班朗读自己的日记内容。最后由老师归纳总结，从而进一步提高学生用英语写日记的能力。
学法建议
1．本单元是总复习单元。到目前为止同学们已学习了近220个单词，80多个短语。正确掌握所学单词和短语对今后进一步学好英语关系重大。同学们必须在老师的指导下根据各自的实际情况认真整理、分析、归纳、采取合理的科学方法加以记忆。
2．情态动词是本单元学习的语法重点，比较难掌握。同学们不能只记忆他们的用法，应该通过一定量的口头和书面练习，在具体的语言环境中加以体会、理解，达到掌握的目的。
词语辨析
1. all, whole
两者用作形容词时，都有“整个的、全部的、所有的”的意思，区别在于：①all既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词；whole只修饰可数名词，不修饰不可数名词。②all与定冠词、物主代词和指示代词连用时，常置于这些词之前，而whole与定冠词、物主代词和指示代词连用时，常置于这些词之后。例如：
①The man drank the whole tea. (×)
The man drank all the tea. (√)
②I told him whole the story / the all story. (×)
I told him the whole story/ all the story. (√)
2. forget, leave
二者均可表示“遗留”，但有区别：
forget后跟事物，指“遗忘了具体的东西”，leave后需跟表示地点的词，指“遗记某物在某地”。如：
I forget my key, so I couldn’t ride the bike. 我忘了带钥匙，因此我不能骑自行车。
Today I left my English book at home. Can you lend one to me.
强化练习：选择恰当的词填空。
1. all, whole
(1) The ________ city was flooded. But nobody died.
(2) _________ the students went to school early. No one is late.
2. forget, leave
(1) Tom ________ his purse at school yesterday. There’s no money with him.
(2) I _________ my homework yesterday. Now I had to do it.
Keys: 1. (1) whole (2) All 2. (1) left (2) forgot
疑难解析
1. My parents bought a computer for me. 父母我买了台电脑。
buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. 意为“给某人买某物”。如：His father bought a new bike for him yesterday. = His father bought him a new bike yesterday.
除buy外，可以接双宾语的动词还有build, cook, draw, make, sing等。如：He sang us a song. = He sang a song for us. He’s a good singer. He always sings for us at parties.
2. But I don’t know how to use it yet. 但我还不知道该怎么用它。
“疑问词+不定式”构成的短语是动词不定式的复合结构，在句中可作主语（如①）、表语（如②）及宾语（如③）等。例如：
①Where to go tomorrow is still a question. Do you have any idea?
②–My question is what to do next.
–Do the first thing first. Then I’ll tell you what to do next.
③I don’t know how to drive a car. I want to learn to drive.
3. What makes you happy? 什么使你感到快乐?
（1）疑问代词what，who作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，因此句中的makes不能改为make。如：
–Who has a computer?
–Everybody has.
Who is cleaning the classroom? Some girls. 谁在打扫教室?几个女孩。
（2）make后跟宾语补足语，形容词happy在句中作宾语补足语，对宾语you起补充说明作用。但make后的宾语补足语应为名词、形容词或不带to的动词不定式。如：
They made him their head. Because he’s good at leading others in their work.
He never makes his brother do heavy work. He himself always do it instead.
You must keep your hands clean. Or it’s bad for your health.
4. At first she was asleep. 起初她睡着了。
①at first“起先，开始的时候”，其同义词组是at the beginning of，反义词组是at last“最后，终于”。如：
A first I didn’t know the way to the lake. But I know it. A woman showed me the way.
At first I wanted to find my lost pen. But I didn’t find it.
开始的时候，我想找到丢失的钢笔，但最终没有找到。
②asleep是表语性形容词，在句中只作表语，表示“睡着”的状态，它的反义词是awake。be asleep强调“睡着”的状态，go to sleep则强调“入睡”的动作过程。如：
She was too happy to be asleep. So she asked me to talk with her.
After he went for a walk, he went to sleep. 散步之后他睡了。
5. But she looked at me and cried harder and harder. 但她看了看我，哭得越来越厉害了。
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