科目 英语
年级 高一
文件 high1 unit3.doc
标题 American English（美式英语）
章节 第三单元
关键词 高一英语第三单元
内容
高中英语 第一册
Unit 3
一、【目地与要求】
掌握本单元出现的单词和词组
pronounce , medicine , British , however , European , reason , explain , have some difficulty in doing……, ask…for , and so on , more or less , change…into…, come about , bring in , a great many ,等等……。
二、【日常交际用语】
Would you please say that again more slowly ?
How do you pronounce／spell… ?
I’m sorry I know only a little English .
I have some difficulty in doing sth .
I’m sorry I don’t quite follow you .
What does this word mean ?
三、【知识重点与难点分析】
1.I have some difficulty in pronouncing some of the words in English .
在某些英语单词的发音上我有些困难。
have some difficulty (in) doing sth
这是一个很常见的句型。意思是“在做某事方面有困难”。
其中介词in常可省略。在此句型中difficulty是用作不可数名词，所以前面不能加不定冠词“a”，也不能改为复数形式。但difficulty前可加any , no等词，例如：
Do you have any difficulty in translating this sentence into English ?
你把这句子翻译成英语有困难吗？
WE HAD NO DIFFICULTY IN FINDING HIS HOUSE YESTERDAY EVENING . (=WE DIDN’T HAVE ANY DIFFICULTY……)
昨晚，我们毫不费劲地就找到了他的家。
2.When do you take your near exams ?
你们下一次考试是什么时候？
注意本句中用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。本句相当于：When will you take your next exams ?
此句用法只限于将来的事件是“列入日程”的，也就是说，是按计划或时刻表将要发生的事，则可以用一般现在时来表示将来。
例如：
When does the winter vocation begin ?
寒假什么时候开始？
What time does the train leave for Shanghai ?
开往上海的列车几点开车？
The plane takes off at ten A.M.
飞机上午十点起飞。
3.Pardon ? Would you please say that again more slowly ?
对不起，请慢点再说一遍好吗？
Pardon ? =Beg pardon ? =I beg your pardon?
是“对不起，请原谅”的意思。这里当没听清楚或没听懂对方话时，希望对方重复一遍的礼貌用语。意思是“I didn’t hear／understand what you said”同下句“I’m sorry , I don’t quite follow you .”一样，也是希望对方重说一遍的用语。
4.Written English is more or less the same in both Britain and America , though there are some spelling differences .
在英国和美国，书面英语大体上是相同的，尽管在拼法上有些差异。
more or less 作“或多或少”、“大约”、“差不多”、“几乎”解。
例如：
This work is more or less finished .
这件工作大体上已经完成了。
I’ve more or less finished reading the book .
我差不多已经把这本书看完了。
It took more or less a whole day to paint the ceiling .
粉刷天花板用了大约一整天的时间。
I think it’s more or less a crime .
我认为这或多或少是一种犯罪行为。
5.How did these differences come about ?
这些差异是如何产生的呢？
come about意思是“发生”，“造成”。与happen , take place意思相近。
How did this accident come about ?
这个事故是怎么发生的？
Nobody knows how the change came about ?
没人知道这种变化是怎样发生的？
Can you tell me when it came about ?
你能告诉我这是何时发生的吗？
6.At first ,the language stayed the same as the language used in Britain ,but slowly the language began to change from one part of the world to another.
起初，这种语言同在英国使用的语言仍然相同，但是，慢慢地它开始在一个又一个地区发生变化。
1)句中的stay是连系动词，作“保持（某种状态）”解。相当于remain , keep的意思。通常后边跟形容词作表语。
例如：
This restaurant stays open till twelve o’clock .
这家餐馆一直营业到12点。
The temperature has stayed high this week .
这个星期气温一直都很高。
2)the same as／the same…as
是“和…一样”的意思。
例如：
Your bike is the same as mine .
你的自行车和我的自行车是一样的。
I have the same trouble as you(have).
我和你有同样的困难。
I feel just the same as you do .
我和你们的感觉是一样的。
Jenny looks the same as before .
珍妮看上去同过去一样。
Mary is about the same age as your mother .
Mary大约是和你母亲同岁。
7.Sometimes , the English spoken in America or Canada or Australia changed ; but sometimes the language spoken in these places stayed the same , while the language in England changed.
有的时候，美国，加拿大或澳大利亚所说的英语发生了变化；但有的时候，这些地方所说的英语保持不变，而英国说的英语发生了变化。
1)在句中“spoken in America or Canada or Australia”和“the language”，其作用相当于定语从句。
如：Sometimes , the English which was spoken in America or Canada or Australia changed ; but sometimes the language (Which was spoken)in England changed .
2.which在句中是并列连词，表示两种情况的对照，对比或相反的情况，意思是“进而”、“而”、“却”。
例如：
He is tall while his elder brother is short .
他个子高而他的哥哥个子却矮。
English is understood all over the world while turkish is spoken by only a few people outside turkey itself .
英语世界通行，而土耳其语离开本国就很少有人说了。
8.But Americans still talk about “fall” just as people do in some parts of western England .
但是，美国人还是说“fall”，就像英格兰有些地区的人说“fall”一样。
1)本句中的助动词do与下句“In the same way Americans use the expression”I guess “(meaning “I think ”) just as the British did 300 years ago .”中的did的用法是相同的。它们分别代替上文中出现过的谓语动词“talk”和“use”，以避免不必要的重复。
2)just as , as是连词，引导一个表示方式的状语从句，意思是“正如”，“恰似”，“按照”。
例如：
Please do as I’ve told you .
请按我说的去做。
I have changed it as you suggest .
我已按照你的建议作了修改。
She loves singing and dancing , just as her mother does .
正如她母亲一样，她也喜欢唱歌跳舞。
Please leave everything just as you find it .
请让一切都保持原状吧。
9.a great many + 名词／of代词，这里一个固定搭配用法，作“许多”，“非常多”解（=a large number of ）. many在句中可用作形容词，也可用作代词。
例如：
A great many workers went on stride last week .
上周许多工人举行了罢工。
Now a great many of them are out of work .
现在他们当中许多人都失业了。
10.There are several reasons for this .
这种情况的原因有几个。
1)the／ one’s reason for sth or doing sth是一个固定搭配的用法，作“…的原因、理由”解，the reason后不能用of。
the reason why +从句，意思也是“…的原因”。在口语中也可以用the reason that .
例如：
Give me your reasons for doing it .
告诉我你做那件事的理由。
What is the reason for your hurry ?
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