have a ride 骑马 have a swim 游泳
have a wash 洗脸（澡） have a meeting 开会
have a party 举行一次聚会 have a test 测试
have an accident 出事故 have a letter 收到一封信
have a cold 患感冒 have a headache 患头痛
have a baby 生小孩 have a fire 生火
have a cold wet day 天气又冷又温
have a good holiday 度过愉快的假日
have a problem with→find…difficult 在…方面遇到困难
My grammar is improving, but I find idioms and useful expressions hard to learn. 我的语法学习在提高，但是我觉得习惯用语和有用词语很难学。
1)improve在此作不及物动词，意为“改进；提高”。如：
He is improving in health. 他的身体在好转。
2)find在此意为“发现；觉得”，后面跟的是复合宾语结构，即“find + sb. / sth. +adj +不定式”，idioms and useful expressions是宾语，hard to learn是宾语补足语。如：
Do you find “Radio English on Sunday” easy to understand? 你觉得“星期日广播英语”容易听懂吗?
a. 名词/代词十形容词。如：
I find idioms and useful expressions hard to learn.我发现习语和惯用法很难学。
I find listening really hard.我发现听真是很难。
有时将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置，而将真正宾语(不定式或从句)放在宾语补足语(形容词)之后。如：
Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.马克思发现研究俄国形势很重要。
b. 名词，代词十名词。如：
They found it the necklace they had been looking for.他们发现这是他们一直在寻找的项链。
You'll find a knowledge of English a must in international trade today.你将会发现懂英语在今天的国际贸易中是必要的。
c. 名词/代词上副词。如：
We found him in/out.我们发现他在家(不在家)。
d. 名词/代词+介词短语。如:
When we arrived, we found him in bed. 我们到达时，发现他在床上。
e. 名词/代词+v-ing形式。如：
We have found him waiting to receive us. 我们已发现他在等着接待我们。
f. 名词/代词十过去分词。如，
She found the letter gone. 她发现信不见了。
g. 名词/代词+不定式to be短语。如：
He found himself (to do) in a dark forest. 他发现自己在黑暗的森林里。
过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
区别：
1）一般过去时表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态；
He went home yesterday. 他昨天回家了。
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前己完成的动作或状态，即“过去的过去”，常与by，before等表示过去的介词短语连用。强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时，常用过去完成时。如：
He had gone home when I got to his office. 当我到他的办公室时，他早已回家了
By the end of last term-we had learnt about 1,500 English words. 到上期期末，我们已学了大约1500个英语单词。
2)在连词before，after引导的从句中，由于连词本身的意义已经说明主句和从句两个动作先后发生的关系，两个动作都可以用一般过去时，有时也可用过去完成时，强调动作的完成。如：
After he (had) arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.马克思到英国后，他努力学习以提高英语水平。
He went on watching TV, after his father (had) left. 他父亲走后，他继续看电视。
Marx (had) learnt some English before he got to England. 马克思到英国之前就学过一些英语。
Lesson 81教学设计方案
Teaching Aims
1. Learn some useful words about English lesson:
idiom, expression, listening, speaking, reading, writing, grammar, vocabulary, spelling, pronunciation.
2. Study the language points concerned with the dialogue.
Step 1Presentation
Find out the idioms in the dialogue. ( have a cold, catch a cold. cut down, cut up)
Step 2 Listening
Listen to the tape and then answer the questions in Workbook Lesson, 81, Part 1.
Step 3 Language points
Go through the dialogue briefly and deal with the language points.
Step 4 Oral practise
Scene1: Make a dialogue and give some advise(in pairs)
Someone has a lot of difficulty in spelling, he just can’t spell the words correctly . Sometimes he adds some letters, other times he misses some letters. He always makes mistakes in spelling and he is very worried.
Scene2: Make a dialogue and give some suggestions(group work)
Someone has a lot of difficulty in pronunciation. Though she tries hard, she just can not pronounce the words correctly. She knows that the teacher on the tape does not read English in the way she does, but she does not know how to improve her pronunciation.
Step 5 Workbook
Do the exercises in Workbook Lesson 81.
Step 6 Homework
Preparation the Lesson 82.
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