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八年级英语Problems教案2,
原文地址 ht tp://www.deyou8.com Module 5 Problems
一. 教学内容:
Module 5 Problems
二. 重点内容:
If引导的条件状语从句
三. 具体内容:
Module 5 Problems
(一)语法详解
条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由 if引导的条件状语从句表示我们不知目前的实际情况如何,但却只要某种条件成立,则必然有预期的结果。
If从句用现在式动词,主句则要用现在式的助动词加动词原形动词。
If...+现在时动词......,主语++原形动词
本模块主要学习if条件句主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时,简称“主将从现“如:
If you ask him,he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam,you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。
那么,除了if之外,是否还有其他连词也可以引导条件状语从句呢?回答是肯定的,不仅有,还有很多。这些词由于出现的频率较小,且用法较复杂一些,所以不如if为大家所熟知罢了。unless, on condition(that),supposing,provided等词引导的条件状语从句,主从句条件关系分明,结构清晰,但有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,这些句子常用一些词,如:but for,without等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件常常是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。
(二)知识点详解
1. Writing a problem page for a magazine.
为杂志写一份问题专栏。
辨析:problem 与 question的区别
二者都有“问题“的意思,但用法略有不同。problem 通常指等待解决或决定的问题,尤其比较困难的问题。例如:
It is a problem how to make both ends meet. 如何使收支平衡,那是个问题。
I can‘t work out this maths problem. 我做不出这道数学难题。
question通常指因对某事疑惑不解,而提出问题。例如:
This questionis too difficult to answer. 这个问题太难,不能回答。
2. Tonny is spending too much time in playing his guitar.
托尼花费太多的时间弹奏吉他。
① spend+名词+on(for)+名词
He spent all his saving on a new car .他将全部积蓄花在一辆新车上。
② spend+名词+(in)+doing+名词(口语中常省略in)
I spent the summer vacation(in)reading and fishing .
看看书、钓钓鱼度过暑假。
③ spend+名词“用尽、耗尽“(力气等)
I spent all my energy on that job .
那份工作耗尽了我全部的精力。
④ spending money=pocket money 零用钱
知识拓展:掌握spend与take,cost,pay的区别
(1)Sb. spend some time/money on sth. /in doing sth .
某人花费时间或金钱在某事或做某事(spend主语一定是人称代词,用于花时间或金钱)
(2)It takes somebody some time/some money to do something . 做某事花费某人时间
(It是take的形式主语,真正主语为不定式,take用于花费时间或金钱)
It took me three hours to finish my work . 完成作业花费了我三个小时。
=It took three hours for me to finish my work.
It took him a lot of money to buy her a fur coat . 他给她买一件皮外套花了很多钱。
=It took a lot of money for him to buy her a fur coat .
(3)cost vt. 花费、要价(不可用被动语态,物作主语)
cost+名词
This jacket cost 200 dollars.这件夹克价值200美元。
cost+名词(人)+名词
It will cost you 500 dollars to repair the car .
(4)pay vi .& vt . 支付、付款给(某人)(人称代词作主语)
She paid the driver and got out of the taxi. 她付钱给司机后下了出租车。
I paid 200 dollars for this watch. 我花了200美元买这块手表。
3. Rather you than me. 宁愿是你而不是我。
rather ... than 宁可,而不/与其说......不如说
I am rather bored than tired. 我与其说疲惫不如说厌倦。
would rather do ... than do 宁可......不愿
I would rather stay at home than go out. 我宁可待在家里,不想出去。
知识拓展:rather,fairly的区别
二者都有“相当“的意思,但用法有所不同。fairly用于表示愉快或满意的场合。
试比较:
It is fairly warm today. 今天相当暖和。(暖和的程度令人满意)
It is rather cold this morning. 今晨相当冷。(令人不满意)
rather可以与too连用,而fairly不能接too。例如:
The book is rather too easy. 这本书过于容易。
4. And if I play well,I‘ll play the solo during the Star search concert.
并且如果我演奏得好,在搜索新星的音乐会上我将上演独奏。
solo n. 独奏、独唱
play a flute solo独奏长笛
solo adv. 用法:动词+solo
dance solo独舞
sing solo独唱
perform solo单独表演
5. warn+名词(人)+(not)to do警告某人不要做某事
The doctor warned me not to drink. 医生告诫我不要喝酒。
=The doctor warned me against drinking.
知识拓展:advise忠告
urge力劝
recommend 劝告、推荐
advise 忠告
admonish 告诫、训诫
caution 警告
warn 警告
6. You mean alone in front of everyone. 你的意思是独自一人在大家面前。
① alone adv. & adj. 独自的、单独的
He lives alone in an department. 他独自住在公寓里。
Mr Green has been alone since his wife died.
自从格林先生的妻子死后,他就独自一人。
② alone仅仅、只有(置于名词、代词之后)
She alone was able to answer the question. 只有她能回答这个问题。
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You can‘t live on meat alone. Eat more vegetable. 你不能单靠吃肉生活,多吃点蔬菜吧。
知识拓展:掌握alone与lonely的区别
作为形容词用alone,lonely都有“孤独的“,“单独的“意思。但alone是表语形容词,只能作表语用。lonely除了有“孤独的“意思外,还有“寂寞的“意思。另外说明特点时还有“人迹稀少的“,“荒凉的“意思。例如:
Though I am alone,I am not lonely. 虽然我孤独一人,但我并不感到寂寞。
He was taken to a lonely house. 他被带到一个荒无人烟的房子内。
He is alone man. 他是一个孤独的人。
He doesn‘t feel lonely when he is left alone. 当他一人被留下时,他不感到孤独。
7. And then one of us plays a solo of some Irish dance music at the end of the Star search concert.
然后在搜索新星音乐会结尾部分,我们中的一人独奏爱尔兰舞音乐。
at the end of 在......末端 例如:at the end of the week 在周末
知识拓展:at the end of,to the end,in the end与by the end
to the end的意思是“到最后“例如:
He held out to the end. 他坚持到底。
in the end意思是“最后、结局“,表示经过许多变化或周折,最后发生了某事。例如:
We made several different plans for our holiday,but in the end we had a summer camp again.
我们制定了好几种不同的度假方案,但最后我们还是选定了再来一次夏令营活动。
by the end+过去的时间/未来的时间 例如:
By the end of last term “到上学期期末之前“+过去完成时
By the end of next month“到下个月底之前“+将来时
By the end of last term we had done five experiments.
到上学期期末之前,我们已经作了五个试验。
8. Our music teacher will choose the best player during our final practice.
在我们最后练习期,我们音乐教师会挑选最好的乐手。
practice指为达到熟练,反复地去做某事。例如:Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
知识拓展:drill,exercise,practice的辨析
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