动词的语态
知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，例如：
Many people speak English . (主动语态)
English is spoken by many people. (被动语态)
1、被动语态的构成
被动语态由"助动词be +及物动词的过去分词"构成。助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下：
肯 定 句： 主语+ be+ 过去分词 +（by…） eg. He is often asked to do this work (by his boss).
否 定 句：主语+ be not +过去分词 +（by…） eg. I am not invited to the party (by him).
一般疑问句：Be + 主语+过去分词+ （by…）？ eg. Are your clothes washed by yourself?
特殊疑问句：疑问词+ be+主语 +过去分词+ （by…）？ eg. What is this sweater made of?
现以动词give为例，其被动语态的各种时态如下：
式
时
一 般
进 行
完 成
现在
Am / is /are + given
Am/is/are +being + given
Have / has +been +given
过去
Was / were + given